Spectrum sensing mechanisms in cognitive radio based LTE femtocells

The ever-increasing demand for wireless technology has rendered the spectrum a restricted resource. This chapter provides an insight into fundamental signal processing used for spectrum sensing and explores the conventional spectrum sensing techniques used in cognitive radio (CR) networks. It investigates different models and statistics used for performance analysis of these schemes and presents the state-of-the-art research results, which outline the widely used models and statistics for specific sensing techniques. The chapter presents a comparison of the conventional spectrum sensing techniques used by CRs. The Long Term Evolution (LTE) cognitive femtocells have CR capabilities of sensing the spectrum and preventing interference by proper allocation of the spectrum. History assisted energy efficient spectrum sensing is well suited to infrastructure CR networks and employs a processing database. The chapter shows the classification of spectrum sensing techniques based on models and statistics implemented.